实验环境:CentOS7

实验步骤：

1. 安装httpd服务：yum -y install httpd
2. 关闭SELinux：setenforce 0
3. 禁用防火墙策略：iptables -F
4. 启动httpd服务：systemctl start httpd
5. 启动进程后，在不重启服务的情况下，生效对配置文件的修改(用kill -1)：kill -1 PID(httpd)

[root@localhost ~]#yum -y install httpd #安装httpd服务

 

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status httpd　　#查看httpd服务的启动状态● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: inactive (dead)     Docs: man:httpd(8)           man:apachectl(8)[root@localhost ~]#systemctl reload httpd　　#重新加载httpd服务Job for httpd.service invalid.[root@localhost ~]#netstat -ntlActive Internet connections (only servers)Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State      tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 192.168.122.1:53        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6011          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 ::1:6010                :::*                    LISTEN     tcp6       0      0 ::1:6011                :::*                    LISTEN

 

[root@localhost ~]#systemctl start httpd　　#启动httpd服务[root@localhost ~]#systemctl status httpd● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: active (running) since Tue 2017-05-09 10:52:27 CST; 26s ago     Docs: man:httpd(8)           man:apachectl(8) Main PID: 44037 (httpd)   Status: "Total requests: 0; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service           ├─44037 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND           ├─44038 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND           ├─44039 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND           ├─44040 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND           ├─44041 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND           └─44042 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUNDMay 09 10:52:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...May 09 10:52:27 localhost.localdomain httpd[44037]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determin...geMay 09 10:52:27 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

[root@localhost ~]#netstat -ntlp　　#查看80端口是否启动

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1/systemd

tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2257/dnsmasq

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1001/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 946/cupsd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2159/master

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6010 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 35010/sshd: root@pt

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:6011 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 35946/sshd: root@pt

tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN 1/systemd

tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 44037/httpd

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1001/sshd

tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN 946/cupsd

tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 2159/master

tcp6 0 0 ::1:6010 :::* LISTEN 35010/sshd: root@pt

tcp6 0 0 ::1:6011 :::* LISTEN 35946/sshd: root@pt

 

[root@localhost ~]#iptables -F　　#禁用防火墙策略

[root@localhost conf]#getenforce 　　#关闭SELinux

Enforcing

[root@localhost conf]#setenforce

usage: setenforce [ Enforcing | Permissive | 1 | 0 ]

[root@localhost conf]#setenforce 0

[root@localhost conf]#getenforce

Permissive

 

/var/www/html　　　　　　#网页主页的目录[root@localhost ~]#cd /var　　[root@localhost var]#lsaccount  cache  db     games   kerberos  local  log   nis  preserve  spool   tmp  ypadm      crash  empty  gopher  lib       lock   mail  opt  run       target  www[root@localhost var]#cd www[root@localhost www]#lscgi-bin  html[root@localhost www]#cd html[root@localhost html]#ls[root@localhost html]#echo  welcome to first magedu>index.html　　#添加主页文件和信息[root@localhost html]#lsindex.html[root@localhost html]#cat index.html welcome to first magedu

 

[root@localhost html]#cd /etc/httpd[root@localhost httpd]#lsconf  conf.d  conf.modules.d  logs  modules  run[root@localhost httpd]#cd conf[root@localhost conf]#lshttpd.conf  magic[root@localhost conf]#pwd/etc/httpd/conf　　　　　　　　#httpd服务的配置文件目录[root@localhost conf]#lshttpd.conf  magic[root@localhost conf]#file httpd.conf httpd.conf: ASCII text[root@localhost conf]#cat httpd.conf# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or# ports, instead of the default. See also the 
     
      # directive.## Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to # prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.##Listen 12.34.56.78:80Listen 80Include conf.modules.d/*.conf## If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run# httpd as root initially and it will switch.  ## User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for# running httpd, as with most system services.#User apacheGroup apache# 'Main' server configuration## The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a# 
      
        definition.  These values also provide defaults for# any 
       
         containers you may define later in the file.## All of these directives may appear inside 
        
          containers,# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the# virtual host being defined.### ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com#ServerAdmin root@localhost## ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.## If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.##ServerName www.example.com:80## Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other # 
         
           blocks below.#
              AllowOverride none    Require all denied
         ## Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it# below.### DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.#DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"　　#可修改主页的目录## Relax access to content within /var/www.#
         
              AllowOverride None    # Allow open access:    Require all granted
             Options Indexes FollowSymLinks    #    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit    #    AllowOverride None    #    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.    #    Require all granted## DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory# is requested.#
         
              DirectoryIndex index.html
         ## The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. #
         
              Require all denied
         ## ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a 
         
          # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a 
          
           # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.#ErrorLog "logs/error_log"## LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,# alert, emerg.#LogLevel warn
           
             # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common 
            
              # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio 
             # # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format). # If you do not define any access logfiles within a 
            
              # container, they will be logged here. Contrariwise, if you *do* # define per-
             
               access logfiles, transactions will be # logged therein and *not* in this file. # #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common # # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive. # CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
             
            
           
           
             # # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client # will make a new request for the document at its new location. # Example: # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar # # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot. # Example: # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path # # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. You will also likely # need to provide a 
            
              section to allow access to # the filesystem path. # # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the # client. The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias # directives as to Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
            
           ## "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.#
           
             AllowOverride None Options None Require all granted
           
           
             # # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from # filename extension to MIME-type. # TypesConfig /etc/mime.types # # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types. # #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz # # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this. # #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz # # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types: # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz # # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers": # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server # or added with the Action directive (see below) # # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories: # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.) # #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi # For type maps (negotiated resources): #AddHandler type-map var # # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client. # # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI): # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.) # AddType text/html .shtml AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
           AddDefaultCharset UTF-8
           
             # # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the # contents of the file itself to determine its type. The MIMEMagicFile # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located. # MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
           ## Customizable error responses come in three flavors:# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects## Some examples:#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html### EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it, # memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver# files. This usually improves server performance, but must# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted # filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise# broken on your system.# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off##EnableMMAP offEnableSendfile on# Supplemental configuration## Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf
          
         
        
       
      
     

 

[root@localhost conf]#kill -1 44037　　#修改完配置文件后，重读配置文件